The same year he took part in the New Realists exhibition in New York, which was the first important survey of Pop Art. In , Warhol began to make experimental films. His studio, known as the Factory, became a meeting point for young artists, actors, musicians and hangers-on. One of these, Valerie Solanas, shot and seriously wounded him in Warhol was now established as an internationally famous artist and throughout the s and s exhibited his work around the world.
On 22 February , Warhol died unexpectedly in a New York hospital following a gall bladder operation. Search term:. Advised to put more positive life into his pictures, he creates the first Flowers silkscreens. He acquires a tape recorder that he carries around with him, recording innumerable interviews and conversations.
Increasingly, the Factory becomes a rendezvous for young artists, dancers, drop-outs and admirers of Warhol. Dorothy Podber, a regular visitor, brings a gun to the Factory and fires a shot through a stack of four Marilyn portraits.
First American combat troops in Vietnam. Paul Morrissey becomes an important collaborator on his films, and helps to manage the Factory. In Paris, Warhol announces his retirement from painting to concentrate on filmmaking. The film Chelsea Girls gains widespread recognition.
Morrissey increasingly directs the films, with Warhol as producer. Warhol meets Fred Hughes, who becomes a close friend and business adviser. He hires the actor Allen Midgette to impersonate him on a college lecture tour. Race riots in Newark, New Jersey and Detroit. Peace protestors storm the Pentagon.
The new premises are designed as a place of business, rather than a meeting-place for hangers-on. Critically wounded, Warhol is saved by surgery lasting several hours. He remains hospitalised for eight weeks and never fully recovers from his injuries. Martin Luther King and Robert Kennedy assassinated. Richard Nixon elected President. Warhol makes the film Trash. His income as an artist now exceeds his previous earnings from commercial work.
Neil Armstrong becomes first man on the Moon. Midnight Cowboy and Easy Rider released. National Guard shoot student protestors at Kent State University. His play Pork is performed in New York and London.
Warhol undertakes an increasing number of society portraits. Warhol supports the Democrat candidate Senator McGovern by creating a lurid silkscreen of his opponent, Richard Nixon.
Warhol makes the films Heat and Women in Revolt. After the shooting, Solanas was arrested and later pleaded guilty to the crime. Warhol spent weeks in a New York hospital recovering from his injuries and underwent several subsequent surgeries.
As a result of the injuries he sustained, he had to wear a surgical corset for the rest of his life. In the s, Warhol continued to explore other forms of media. Warhol also experimented extensively with video art, producing more than 60 films during his career. Some of his most famous films include Sleep , which depicts poet John Giorno sleeping for six hours, and Eat , which shows a man eating a mushroom for 45 minutes.
In his later life, Warhol suffered from chronic issues with his gallbladder. On February 20, , he was admitted to New York Hospital where his gallbladder was successfully removed and he seemed to be recovering.
However, days later he suffered complications that resulted in sudden cardiac arrest and he died on February 22, , at the age of Thousands of people attended a memorial for the artist at St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City.
Warhol's enigmatic personal life has been the subject of much debate. He is widely believed to have been a gay man, and his art was often infused with homoerotic imagery and motifs. However, he claimed that he remained a virgin for his entire life.
Warhol's life and work simultaneously satirized and celebrated materiality and celebrity. On the one hand, his paintings of distorted brand images and celebrity faces could be read as a critique of what he viewed as a culture obsessed with money and celebrity. On the other hand, Warhol's focus on consumer goods and pop-culture icons, as well as his own taste for money and fame, suggests a life in celebration of the very aspects of American culture that his work criticized.
Warhol spoke to this apparent contradiction between his life and work in his book The Philosophy of Andy Warhol , writing that "making money is art and working is art, and good business is the best art. We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. American artist Keith Haring was best known for his graffiti-inspired drawings, which he first made in subway stations and later exhibited in museums.
Merce Cunningham was a dancer and choreographer known for his long-time collaboration with avant-garde composer John Cage.
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