Regular ultrasound scans and blood tests are usually recommended over the course of a year to monitor the cyst. Surgical treatment to remove the cysts may be needed if they're large, causing symptoms or potentially cancerous. Ovarian cysts do not usually prevent you getting pregnant, although they can sometimes make it harder to conceive.
If you need an operation to remove your cysts, your surgeon will aim to preserve your fertility whenever possible. This may mean removing just the cyst and leaving the ovaries intact, or only removing 1 ovary. In some cases, surgery to remove both your ovaries may be necessary, in which case you'll no longer produce any eggs.
Make sure you talk to your surgeon about the potential effects on your fertility before your operation. This video explores the symptoms ovarian cysts can cause, the long-term effects, and the treatment options.
Page last reviewed: 10 December Next review due: 10 December The ovaries The ovaries are 2 almond-shaped organs that are part of the female reproductive system. The ovaries have 2 main functions: to release an egg approximately every 28 days as part of the menstrual cycle to release the sex hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which play an important role in reproduction Ovarian cysts may affect both ovaries at the same time, or they may only affect 1.
Symptoms of an ovarian cyst An ovarian cyst usually only causes symptoms if it splits ruptures , is very large or blocks the blood supply to the ovaries. Corpus luteum cysts develop when a sac closes up after releasing its egg, allowing fluid to accumulate inside. These cysts usually resolve on their own in a few weeks.
Sometimes, eggs mature in their sacs but are never released. As your menstrual cycle repeats, the sacs may grow larger and develop into multiple cysts. This condition is known as polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS. If it does happen, your doctor may want to investigate further. Read more: Ovarian cysts: Types, symptoms, and treatment ». Symptoms can range from mild to severe. They can include abdominal bloating and pressure, painful intercourse, and frequent urination.
Some women experience menstrual irregularities, unusual hair growth, or fevers. Like noncancerous ovarian cysts, cancerous tumors sometimes cause no or only minor symptoms at first. If you have symptoms associated with ovarian cysts or ovarian cancer, see your doctor as soon as possible. In some cases, you may not know that you have an ovarian cyst or tumor until your doctor detects it during a routine pelvic exam.
In other cases, you might experience signs or symptoms first, which will lead to imagining studies that reveal an ovarian cyst or tumor. If you notice signs or symptoms, make an appointment with your doctor.
If your doctor suspects that you have an ovarian cyst or tumor, they will likely order imaging tests to examine your ovaries. Oftentimes imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI can determine if an ovarian cyst or tumor is benign or malignant. They may also want to test your blood for CA, a tumor marker, or preform a biopsy if there is any question.
High levels of CA may indicate the presence of ovarian cancer. To confirm or rule out ovarian cancer, your doctor may perform a biopsy. They will collect a sample of the cyst or tumor for analysis under a microscope. In many cases, ovarian cysts resolve on their own without treatment. This can usually be accomplished without damaging your ovary or affecting fertility. Your long-term outlook will depend on your diagnosis. Most ovarian cysts resolve within a few months, often without treatment.
The outlook for ovarian cancer varies, depending on its stage and type. Ovarian cancer is rare in young women. A cyst that bleeds, bursts or causes your ovary to twist on itself a condition called ovarian torsion can cause sudden, severe pain. Occasionally, a cyst needs to be surgically removed. You may also need surgery if the cyst is larger than 10 centimeters or if it looks abnormal on the ultrasound. If you experience intense pelvic pain, especially if it happens quickly, you need to get help immediately.
Since a twisted ovary can reduce or stop blood flow, the sooner you get medical attention, the better chance there is for your ovary to be saved. Learn more about vaccine availability. Advertising Policy. You have successfully subscribed to our newsletter. Related Articles. Pain Down There? Is My Vagina Normal?
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